The Asian Gypsy Moth (AGM) season has struck again. It starts from late May to September which is considered the high risk AGM period.  So a vessel which has called at a port in the regulated AGM area during the specified risk period of the current or previous year will be considered a vessel of high AGM risk. These vessels are required to comply with the relevant AGM regulations ( for example, a so-called AGM approved certificate) issued by the regulating countries, namely, Australia, Canada, Chile, USA and New Zealand. 

Members are advised to refer to our AGM section for information and guidance. 

More AGM detections have been reported lately resulting in delayed entry to ports in the United States and Canada. According to reports received, this is due to high population levels of AGM in some countries regulated for AGM.

To combat this AGM invasion, the US and Canadian authorities have jointly issued a bulletin to advise vessel operators of what they can do to avoid potential delays at ports, bearing in mind that possessing a valid AGM certificate does not mean that the vessel cannot be ordered out of the port if AGM is detected.

Click here to read the joint-bulletin. Please also read BIMCO news piece of 27 June 2019 advising members of AGM dangers, precautions and usage of AGM clauses. 

Current regulations

• Flighted Spongy Moth Complex or FSMC for short  ( formerly known as AGM or Asian Gypsy moth)  notice issued February 2024 jointly by the CFIA and the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)
• CFIA Policy Directive D-95-03: Plant protection policy for marine vessels arriving in Canada from areas regulated for FSMC ** ( formerly known as Asian Gypsy Moth) - Revised and effective on November 2021
• Notice to the marine shipping industry: Uncertified marine vessels arriving from AGM-regulated areas issued on 8 December 2021

BIMCO recommends that members recheck USDA-APHIS FSMC webpage in case of any amendments.

Joint notice issued by CFIA and USDA

AGM

February 2024

Due to population outbreaks, North American ports periodically experience a high number of vessels arriving with FSMC egg masses. Data from previous years indicate that populations could potentially reach outbreak levels in 2024. In addition to obtaining FSMC certification, extra vigilance in conducting self-inspection is requested to prevent a high number of vessels with egg masses arriving in 2024.

FSMC is a serious pest that can be carried on ships and cargo. FSMC populations are prevalent in some seaport areas in Far East Russia, Japan, Korea, and Northern China. If introduced to North 
America, FSMC would have significant negative impacts on our forestry and agriculture, the natural environment, the commerce that relies on those plant resources, and market access

Vessels must arrive in North American ports free of FSCM and with required pre-departure certification. It is vital that the maritime industry and authorities in the United States (U.S.) and Canada collaborate on measures to minimize the risk of FSCM incursion. FSMC risk mitigation and exclusion efforts are a joint effort and a high priority. .

Both countries are committed to working with industry partners on measures to reduce FSCM risk at origin. The shipping industry’s role in promoting and meeting FSCM requirements has been vital to preventing the introduction of FSCM to North America and maintaining shipping schedules. When vessels arrive without FSCM certification, or when FSCM is detected, significant delays in cargo loading or discharging activities as well as in routine clearance can occur, resulting in loss of revenue to the shipping line and associated parties.

The common name “Asian gypsy moth” has been changed as the term “gypsy” has been deemed derogatory. This group of moths are now referred to as the flighted spongy moth complex (FSMC). However, updates to websites, policies, forms, certificates, educational material etc., to reflect the new common name, are anticipated to take some time and may vary from country to 
country. Therefore, reference to AGM and Asian gypsy moth may continue to be seen during this time of transition and certificates using these names will continue to be considered valid if they have 
been issued by a recognized certification body

Actions

For vessels that have called on areas regulated for FSCM during the specified risk periods, as outlined in Table 1, the following measures are required:

1. Vessels  should be inspected and certified free of FSCM by a recognized certification body. A copy of the certificate, stating that the vessel is free of FSCM life stages, should be forwarded to the vessel's  U.S or Canadian agents. A certificate is valid until the ship calls on another port in a regulated area during the specific risk period.
2. Vessels must arrive in North American ports free from FSCM. To avoid facing re-routing, being ordered out of port for cleaning and other potential impacts associated with mitigating the risk of entry of FSCM to North America, shipping lines should perform intensive vessel self-inspections to look for, remove (scrape off) and properly dispose of or destroy all egg masses and other life stages of FSCM prior to entering U.S. and Canadian ports.
3. Vessels must provide two-year port of call data, at least 96 hours prior to arrival in a North American port, to the vessel's Canadian or U.S. agent. The agent is to ensure that this information is provided to U.S. and Canadian officials.

Table 1. Regulated Areas and Specified Risk Periods 

*Specified risk period is the time period when there is a risk of FSCM flight and egg mass deposition

Vessel operators are also reminded to ensure that their vessels are in good repair and decks are clear of debris and unnecessary obstacles to allow for thorough inspection both in FSCM regulated areas and upon arrival in North America. While in regulated ports during moth flight periods and where port operations and safety allow, reducing lighting and keeping exterior doors and curtains closed may reduce the number of moths being attracted to the vessel.  Arranging for inspection and certification services as far in advance as possible and providing two-year port of call history at the time of that request allows the inspection and certification body to better plan for delivery of the service in a timely manner.

Upon arrival in North America there have been FSCM detections on vessels that obtained pre-departure certification. During the flight period inspection should be conducted and certification issued as close to departure as possible — ideally during daylight hours and on the same day as departure. Where vessel departure is delayed post certification, there is the possibility that moths may re-infest the vessel and deposit egg masses.

Although we try to align the requirements for FSCM pre-departure certification and vessels arriving free from all FSCM life forms (egg masses, pupae, adults) between the U.S. and Canada, there are differences in port-of-entry processes between the two countries due to sovereign regulations and policies. Please contact local inspection authorities in the port-of-entry if you have any questions regarding FSCM import requirements or clearance procedures

It is the responsibility of the shipping lines to meet all requirements for entry to the U.S. and Canada, including freedom from FSCM and other pest concerns. We strongly urge maritime interests to take all possible precautions. For further information on the FSCM program, please visit the Canadian Food Inspection Agency and/or Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service’s website .

CFIA Policy Directive**

D -95-03: Plant protection policy for marine vessels arriving in Canada from areas regulated for Asian Gypsy Moth (Lymantria dispar, Lymantria albescens, Lymantria postalba, Lymantria umbrosa)

EFFECTIVE DATE: November 2021

(18th Revision)

Subject

This directive prescribes measures to prevent the entry of AGM (Lymantria dispar, Lymantria albescens, Lymantria postalba, Lymantria umbrosa) on vessels and establishment of AGM in Canada

This directive has been revised as follows:

• Appendix 1 has been amended to revise the specified risk periods (SRPs) for Japan and Russia

Table of Contents 

Review
Endorsement
Amendment Record
Distribution
Introduction
Scope
Reference
Definitions, Abbreviations and Acronyms
1.0 General Requirements
1.1 Legislative Authority
1.2 Fees
1.3 Regulated Pests
1.4 Regulated Areas
1.5 Regulated Commodity
2.0 Specific Vessel Entry Requirements
2.1 Marine Vessels Entering Canada during the AGM risk period for Canada
2.2 Marine Vessels Entering Canada outside of the AGM risk period for Canada
3.0 Inspection Procedures
4.0 Non-Compliance
4.1 Certification
4.2 Infestation
4.3 Notification
5.0 Appendices
Appendix 1: Regulated Areas and Specified Risk Periods
Appendix 2: Summary of Entry Requirements
Appendix 3: List of CFIA Contacts and Designated Offshore Inspection Sites, for Asian Gypsy Moth, in Eastern and Western Canada
Appendix 4: List of Recognized Sources of Phytosanitary Certificates and Pre-departure Inspection Certificates

Review

This directive will be updated as required. For further information or clarification, please contact the Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA).

Endorsement

Approved by:

Chief Plant Health Officer

Amendment Record

Amendments to this directive will be dated and distributed as outlined in the distribution below.

Distribution

1. Plant Health Directive listserve
2. Internet

Introduction

Moths in the genus Lymantria are pests of a broad range of coniferous and deciduous trees in temperate and subtropical parts of the world. These insects feed on the foliage of a wide range of hosts of agricultural, forestry, horticultural or environmental importance. The species of concern are those that are absent from Canada including Lymantria albescens, Lymantria umbrosa, Lymantria postalba and the Asian strains of Lymantria dispar, together commonly called Asian gypsy moth (AGM).

Asian gypsy moth is not known to occur in North America, although incursions have occurred and populations have been eradicated in the past. Primarily, these entries have been the result of AGM larvae emerging from egg masses laid on ships and dispersing to land areas surrounding ports in North America. Port areas in infested countries sometimes experience high population levels of AGM. Females frequently fly at night and are known to be attracted to the lights aboard vessels and in the port areas. As a result, eggs may be laid on ship structures and cargo. These eggs are long-lived, tolerant of extremes in temperature and moisture, and can easily survive ocean crossings on vessels. When an infested vessel enters Canada, there exists the potential for the pest to be discharged along with the cargo or for the larvae of the insect to disperse onto surrounding vegetation through a natural process called "ballooning". Ballooning occurs when the larvae suspend themselves on a silken thread and are then carried by the wind to host trees where they feed. In the past, entry of this pest by vessels has necessitated a number of expensive and often intensive eradication programs. The CFIA's AGM policy has been in place since 1992 to mitigate future introductions.

Life stages of suspect AGM arriving in Canada on vessels from regulated ports in far eastern Asia where AGM is known to occur, as listed in this Directive, represent a risk to the Canadian plant resource base and the Canadian economy. The measures prescribed in this directive are intended to prevent incursions of AGM by requiring that AGM life stages, including egg masses, are eliminated from vessels arriving in Canada from regulated ports. Phytosanitary action may be taken on any suspect AGM life stage.

Scope

This directive is intended for use by any individual or company responsible for or acting on behalf of marine vessels wishing to enter Canada, the Canada Border Services Agency, the Canadian Coast Guard (Department of Fisheries and Oceans), Transport Canada and the CFIA. This directive outlines the entry requirements for marine vessels arriving in Canada which have previously called upon ports in areas regulated for AGM.

References

ISPM No. 5: Glossary of Phytosanitary Terms, FAO, Rome (updated annually)

This directive supercedes D-95-03 (15th Revision) and any other policy documents on this subject.

Definitions, Abbreviations and Acronyms

Definitions for terms used in the present document can be found in the Plant Health Glossary of Terms.

Specified risk period: Refers to the time period in an Asian gypsy moth regulated area during which there is a risk of Asian gypsy moth flight and egg mass deposition.

1.0 General Requirements

1.1 Legislative Authority

The Plant Protection Act, S.C. 1990, c. 22
The Plant Protection Regulations, SOR/95-212
Canadian Food Inspection Agency Fees Notice, Canada Gazette: Part I
Agriculture and Agri-Food Administrative Monetary Penalties Act, S.C. 1995, c. 40
Agriculture and Agri-Food Administrative Monetary Penalties Regulations, SOR/2000-187

1.2 Fees

The CFIA is charging fees in accordance with the Canadian Food Inspection Agency Fees Notice. For information regarding fees associated with imported product, please contact the Import Service Centre (ISC).

Anyone requiring other information regarding fees may contact any local CFIA office or visit our Fees Notice Web Site.

1.3 Regulated Pests

The species and sub-species referred to as Asian gypsy moth, (AGM), Lymantria albescens, Lymantria umbrosa, Lymantria postalba, Lymantria dispar japonica and Lymantria dispar asiatica.

1.4 Regulated Areas
Regulated areas are listed in Appendix 1.

1.5 Regulated Commodity

This policy applies to any marine vessel entering Canada that has called on a port in a regulated area during a specified risk period when AGM is likely to be deposited on marine vessels. A list of the specified risk periods for each of the areas regulated for AGM is provided in Appendix 1.

2.0 Specific Vessel Entry Requirements

A summary of requirements is provided in Appendix 2

All marine vessels entering Canada must be free from all life stages of AGM.

All marine vessels entering Canada are subject to inspection at any time of the year to verify freedom from AGM.

The Canadian agent is responsible for ensuring that a marine vessel which has visited a port in a regulated area, during the specified risk period (as per Appendix 1) in the current year or in the year immediately preceding the current year, notifies the applicable CFIA officer (as listed in Appendix 3) at least 96 hours prior to the vessel's arrival in Canadian waters.

The Master of a marine vessel which has visited a port in a regulated area during the specified periods listed in Appendix 1, in the current year or in the year immediately preceding the current year, must provide a summary of the ports called upon by the vessel for the past two years, to CFIA, either directly or via the vessel's Canadian agent. The vessel may be required to report at a designated inspection site at a time mutually agreed to by the agent and the CFIA.

2.1 Marine vessels entering Canada during the AGM risk period for Canada

The AGM risk period for Canada begins in Western Canadian ports on March 1 and in Eastern Canadian ports on March 15. The end of the AGM risk period in Canada ends on September 15 for all Canadian ports.

The Master of a marine vessel arriving during the AGM risk period for Canada which has visited a port in a regulated areas during the specified risk periods listed in Appendix 1 in the current year or in the year immediately preceding the current year must provide to CFIA, either directly or via the vessel's Canadian agent:

• a summary of the ports called upon by the vessel for the past 2 years; and
• a copy of a Phytosanitary Certificate or other approved certificate(s) (a list of recognized sources of phytosanitary certificates and pre-departure inspection certificates is provided in Appendix 4).
• any AGM inspection report issued by the US Customs and Border Protection (US CBP), the Chilean Servicio Agricola Y Ganadero (SAG) or New Zealand's Ministry for Primary Industries (MPI) which indicates the presence of AGM life stages, after AGM certification has been issued in an AGM regulated area

Vessels calling on all ports of Labrador and north across Canada to the Yukon territory (including all ports in Yukon territory, Northwest territory, Nunavut, and all ports in Ontario and Quebec adjacent to Hudson Bay or James Bay) are exempt from providing a copy of a Phytosanitary Certificate or other approved certificate for AGM if these ports are the first and only ports of call in Canada. However, vessels calling on these northern ports are not exempt from notification requirements for AGM and must provide their forward Canadian port of call list as per the requirements below.

If a vessel is scheduled to call on a northern Canadian port and on a southern, non-exempted port, the vessel must provide a copy of a Phytosanitary Certificate or other approved certificate.

Prior to the vessel entering Canadian waters, the Canadian agent is responsible for ensuring that the CFIA is notified. At the time of notification, a summary of ports of call and copies of an approved Phytosanitary Certificate or other approved certificate(s) must be provided to the CFIA. Contact information for CFIA offices in Eastern and Western Canada can be found in Appendix 3.

The Phytosanitary Certificate or other approved certificate(s) must be issued by a National Plant Protection Organization (NPPO) or recognized certification body, as specified in Appendix 4. The certificate must state that the vessel was inspected and found free from AGM. The certificate must be issued from at least the last port of call in a regulated area (as specified in Appendix 1) that was visited during the specified risk period prior, or anytime afterwards, prior to entering Canadian waters.

The vessel may enter a Canadian port upon written confirmation by the appropriate CFIA office. The vessel remains subject to inspection by the CFIA during its stay in Canada. The original Phytosanitary Certificate or other approved certificate(s) must be made available to the CFIA for review upon request.

Vessels that fail to meet this requirement for a certificate will be considered non-compliant. A certified vessel for which an inspection reveal the presence of AGM will be non-compliant and actions taken in accordance with Section 4.0.This includes an inspection by US CBP, Chilean SAG officials or New Zealand's MPI that finds and reports AGM life stages.

2.2 Marine vessels entering Canada outside of the AGM risk period for Canada.

Subject to the requirements outlined in section 2.0, all marine vessels arriving in Canada outside of the AGM risk period for Canada, which have visited ports in regulated areas will be permitted to enter Canadian ports without interruption. These vessels are subject to inspection at any time during their stay in Canada.

A Phytosanitary Certificate or other approved certificate(s) for the vessel is not required for entry into Canada during this period.

Should an inspection reveal the presence of AGM, the vessel will be considered to be non-compliant and actions taken in accordance with Section 4.0.

3.0 Inspection Procedures

CFIA inspection staff will determine the frequency of inspection and geographical location of the inspection prior to entry into Canada. CFIA inspection staff will thoroughly inspect all areas of a marine vessel at a designated inspection site. Inspections normally occur during daylight hours. The CFIA will notify the vessel in writing of the inspection results.

Marine vessels which have visited a regulated area and present a valid Phytosanitary Certificates or other approved certificate(s) (as per Appendix 4) and that are found free of AGM after phytosanitary inspection by authorities in the United States (U.S.), Chile or New Zealand may enter a Canadian port without inspection, provided that the original confirmation of inspection carried out by U.S., Chilean or New Zealand authorities is presented as part of the pre-arrival documentation. AGM inspection results from the United States are recognized if they are issued by US Customs and Border Protection (US CBP), from Chile if they are issued by Servicio Agricola Y Ganadero (SAG), and from New Zealand if they are issued by the Ministry for Primary Industries (MPI). Note: Inspection reports issued by US CBP, SAG or MPI are not considered AGM certification and do not take the place of AGM certification issued by recognized sources of phytosanitary certificates and pre-departure inspection certificates, as required by section 2.1.

4.0 Non-Compliance

4.1 Certification

A vessel without the required certification under Section 2.1 may not be permitted entry into Canada unless:

- an inspection by the CFIA at a designated offshore inspection site is conducted, and

- the inspector is satisfied that the risk of introducing AGM has been mitigated.

If the vessel is permitted entry, the vessel will be considered non-compliant during the entire stay in Canada and vessel movements will be regulated by the CFIA while the vessel is in Canadian waters. The vessel may be subject to additional enforcement action. A vessel calling on a Canadian port for a second time without the required certification may be refused entry to Canada.

4.2 Infestation

Upon inspection, if an inspector is not satisfied that the risk of introducing AGM has been mitigated, the vessel will be ordered out of Canadian waters and refused entry for up to two years during the AGM risk period for Canada or until the ship meets the requirements specified in Section 2.1. The vessel may also be subject to additional enforcement action.

At a CFIA inspector's discretion, a vessel that has been ordered out of Canada or the U.S. due to the presence of AGM may be permitted to conduct a thorough cleaning of all life stages of AGM outside Canadian waters. Once cleaning is complete, the vessel may be allowed to return to Canadian waters for re-inspection at a designated offshore inspection site. If an inspector is satisfied that the risk of introducing AGM has been mitigated, the vessel may then be allowed to proceed to a Canadian port. The vessel's movements will be regulated by the CFIA while in Canadian waters. During subsequent visits to Canada, a vessel found infested with AGM may be required to be inspected at a designated off-shore inspection site prior to entry into Canada, unless the vessel meets the entry requirements specified in Section 2.0. The vessel may also be subject to additional enforcement action.

Upon re-inspection of the vessel, if an inspector is not satisfied that the risk of introducing AGM has been mitigated, the vessel will be ordered out of Canadian waters and refused entry for up to two years during the AGM risk period for Canada or until the ship meets the requirements specified in Section 2.1.

Notifications of non-compliance will be issued in accordance with D-01-06: Canadian Phytosanitary Policy for the Notification of Non-compliance and Emergency Action.

4.3 Notification 

A Canadian agent that fails to notify the CFIA of a vessel arriving during the AGM risk period for Canada which has visited a port in a regulated area during the specified risk periods (as listed in Appendix 1), prior to the vessel entering Canadian waters, will be considered to be non-compliant.

5.0 Appendices

Appendix 1: Regulated Areas and Specified Risk Periods

Appendix 2: Summary of Entry Requirements

Appendix 3: List of CFIA Contacts and Designated Offshore Inspection Sites, for Asian Gypsy Moth, in Eastern and Western Canada

Appendix 4: List of Recognized Sources of Phytosanitary Certificates and Pre-departure Inspection Certificates

Appendix 1: Regulated Areas and Specified Risk Periods

Appendix 2: Summary of Entry Requirements

Appendix 3: List of CFIA Contacts and Designated Offshore Inspection Sites, for Asian Gypsy Moth, in Eastern and Western Canada

Eastern Canada

CFIA AGM Vessel Monitoring Unit Contact Information:

Dartmouth Office
Email: cfia.agm-sa.acia@canada.ca
Phone: 902-426-3874
Fax: 902-426-5147

Designated Offshore Inspection Sites:
Chedabucto Bay
Halifax Harbour

Western Canada

CFIA AGM Vessel Monitoring Unit Contact Information:

Vancouver Harbour Office
Email: cfia.bcagm-sacb.acia@canada.ca
Phone: 604-292-5812
Fax: 604-292-5601

Designated Offshore Inspection Sites:
Constance Bank
Hecate Strait

Phytosanitary Certificates issued by the NPPO of Russia.

A Pre-departure Inspection Certificate is an approved certificate if issued by the International Plant Quarantine Accreditation Board (IPAB) in the Republic of Korea.

A Pre-departure Inspection Certificate is an approved certificate if issued by the China Certification and Inspection Company Ltd. (CCIC) in the People's Republic of China.

A Pre-departure Inspection Certificate is an approved certificate if issued by the following recognized third party inspection bodies in Japan:

All Nippon Checkers Corporation (ANCC)
The Japan Cargo Tally Corporation (JCTC)
Japan Export Vehicle Inspection Center Co., Ltd. (JEVIC)
Japan Grain Inspection Association (JGIA)
Hokkaido Bouekikunjyo Co. Ltd. (HBKC)
Hokuriku Port Service Co., Ltd. (HPS)
Intertek Testing Services (Australia) Pty Limited – Japan Branch (INTERTEK)
Kanto Fumigation Co. Ltd. (KFCO)
Kobe Plant Quarantine Association (KOBEPQA)
Keiyochiku Plant Quarantine Association (KPQA)
Kyoritsu Sanitary Co. Ltd. (KRS)
Muroran & Tomakomai Plant Quarantine Association (MTPQA)
Navrex & Corporation (NRX)
Nikkun Co. Ltd. (NCL)
Nippon Kaiji Kentei Kyokai (NKKK)
Okayama-Ken Plant Quarantine Association (OKYPQA)
Osaka Plant Quarantine Association (OPQA)
Osaka Timber Quarantine Association (OSKTQA)
Shin Nihon Kentei Kyokai (SNKK)
Techno Kasei Co. Ltd. (TKL)
Tokai Plant Quarantine Association (TOKAIPQA)
Tokyo Plant Quarantine Association (TPQA)
Yokohama Plant Protection Association (YPPA)

  ** At the time of this update, the D-95-03 directive has not been updated with the change of name from AGM to FSMC. 

Useful links: 
CFIA - FSMC relevant section 

Trading restrictions imposed by Canada

• Canadian Asian Gypsy Moth Regulations 
• United Nations Security Council Resolutions 

 In addition to the United Nations sanctions Canada has imposed the following:

Canadian Sanctions Related to Belarus

Canadian Sanctions Related to Russia

Canadian sanctions against the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea

The Special Economic Measures (Democratic People’s Republic of Korea) Regulations which entered into force on 31 August 2011, subject to certain exceptions, include:

• A prohibition on any ship that is registered in the DPRK to dock in Canada or pass through Canada unless such docking or passage is necessary to safeguard human life.
• A prohibition on financial services to, from or for the benefit of or on the direction or order of the DPRK or any person in the DPRK by any person in Canada and any Canadian outside Canada.
• A prohibition on all imports or shipment of any goods that are exported, supplied or shipped from the DPRK, whether the goods originated in the DPRK or elsewhere, by any person in Canada and any Canadian outside Canada.
• A prohibition on all exports or shipment any goods, wherever situated, to the DPRK or any person in the DPRK or to deal in any goods destined for the DPRK or any person in the DPRK, by any person in Canada and any Canadian outside Canada.

Canadian sanctions against Myanmar

Sanctions are specified under the Special Economic Measures (Burma) Regulations which entered into force on 13 December 2007.

The current sanctions include:

• a freeze on assets in Canada of any designated Myanmar national connected with the State of Myanmar and prohibitions on several categories of transactions, services and dealings involving property of designated persons, wherever situated
• an arms embargo, including prohibitions on exporting and importing arms and related material to and from Myanmar, on communicating technical data related to military activities or arms and related material, and on financial services related to military activities or arms and related material. Exempt are certain protective or non-lethal military clothing and equipment when intended for use by media, humanitarian, human rights or other listed personnel.
• The Canadian Sanctions Related to Myanmar were updated on 14 May 2021.

Canadian sanctions against Iran

Canada imposed new sanctions on Iran under the Special Economic Measures Act (SEMA). These sanctions were in addition to existing sanctions passed by the United Nations Security Council and entered into force on 22 July 2010.

On 29 May 2013 Canada announced an immediate ban on all imports to and exports from Iran, subject to certain exemptions; and added a further 30 individuals and 82 entities to Canada's list of designated persons with whom dealings are prohibited under the Special Economic Measures Act. With these new measures, the total number of designated persons rises to 78 individuals and 508 entities.

Except where designated individuals and entities are involved, exemptions are provided for activities that safeguard human life, provide disaster relief, food or medicine and the new exemptions for equipment, services and software that facilitate secure and widespread communications via information technologies; goods used to purify water for civilian and public health purposes, and for the provision of listed medical equipment; and expand the existing exemptions for the provision of legal services.

Canadian sanctions against Syria

Sanctions are specified under the Special Economic Measures (Syria) Regulations which were last amended on 28 November 2012.

Some of the sanctions include:

• a prohibition on the import, purchase, acquisition, or transportation of goods, other than food for human consumption, that are exported, supplied or shipped from Syria after 23 December 2011
• a prohibition on the import, purchase, acquisition, or transportation of petroleum or petroleum products, excluding natural gas, from Syria;
• an asset freeze on designated individuals and entities
• a prohibition on new investment in the oil industry in Syria; and
• a prohibition on providing financing for the activities described above.
• a prohibition on the export, sell, supply or ship to Syria or any person in Syria any of the goods set out in Schedule 2 of the Act.

For a complete list of sanctions please see Special Economic Measures (Syria) Regulations below.

• Regulations Amending the Special Economic Measures Iran Regulations - Updated 29 May 2013 (Unofficia
• Special Economic Measures (Burma) Regulations - SOR/2007-285 - Consolidation current as of 20 May 20
• Special Economic Measures (Democratic People’s Republic of Korea) Regulations - SOR/2011-167 - Conso
• Special Economic Measures (Iran) Regulations - SOR/2010-165 - Consolidation current as of 20 May 201
• Special Economic Measures (Syria) Regulations - SOR/2011-114 - Consolidation current as of 20 May 20